John loftus



l J. LOFTUS.-

INJBGTOR.

Patented Dec. 25, 1883.

(Mdel.)

No. 290,693.v

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JOHN LOFTUS, OF ALBANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO TIMOTHY HOLLAND, OFTROY, NEW YORK.

INJ ECTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,693, dated December25, 1883.

Application filed August 24, 1883.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LoFTUs, of the city of Albany, county ofAlbany, and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Injectors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to injectors-a class of devices that are used tofeed water to boilers against the pressure of the latter by means of asteam-j et supplied therefrom 5 and the object and purpose of myinvention are to make such devices automatically adjustable as betweenits capacities to raise and force water against variable pressure.

My invention consists, as will hereinafter be more fully detailed, inthe combination of a steam-j et to supply actuating-steam to the device;a water-j acket connected with a supplypipe, which jacket surrounds saidsteam-jet 2O pipe, and a diaphragm-plate having a central opening, withsaid plate arranged within the injector-inclosure between the inner endof the steam-jet pipe and the end of the combining-tube; acombining-tube constructed with piston ways and stops in theinjector-inclosure; lateral vents in the combining-tube; a reliefvalveconnected with the water-jacket surrounding the combining-tube, and thesubcombination of the foregoing factors where performing specificfunction, as will be designated in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,there are shown three figures illustrating my invention,with the samedesignation of parts by letter-reference used in all of them, of which-Figure 1 is a cent-ral vertical section 5 Fig. 2, a side elevation ofthe combining-tube, shown as removed from the device and as shortened inlength, and Fig. 3 a side elevation of the injector.

The several parts of the apparatus are designated by letter-referenceand their function explained as follows: The letter A indicates thecylindrical form exterior of the apparatus, within which and by whichthe latter is inclosed, and B a side branch-pipe connecting therewithfor a water-supply.

The letter B designates a relief branch pipe connected with the water-jaclzet of the injector, and on which is constructed the relief-valve V.

(Modehl The letter C designates the combining tubed or cone, theinterior of which has the form of two reversing cone-frustums, C G2,with their smaller ends adjacent; and the letters o indicate vents oropenings, of which there may be one or more to connect the interior ofthe tube at that point with the annular space or waterjacket osurrounding said tube.

Upon the injector-interior there are con- 6o structed the ring-flangesR2 and R3, and between them, onthe exterior of the combiningtube, thering-flange R', so that the combiningtube, as moving up and down withinthe injector -interior for yautomatic adjustment, is stopped in itsascent by the engagement of the ring-iiange R 011 the tube with thering-ange R2 on the injector-interior, and in its descent by theengagement of the ring-Hange R with the ange R on the interior of theinjector- 7o cylinder. The lower end of the combiningtube exterior isconstructed to be parallel with the interior surface of theinjector-cylinder A, so as to make a piston engagement therewith, and,if desired, the tube may be adapted to receive packing, as indicated atc.

The operation of the injector thus constructed is as follows: Thewater-branch B being connected with a water-supply by means of asuction-pipe and a current of steam allowed to So enter the injectorthrough the steam-jet pipe S, the steam finding relief through thejacket and valve V creates by its passage a vacuum in the suction-pipewhich raises the water therein to the injector. has been thus made andthe water entering supply-current established, the valve on the pipeleading from the injector to the boiler is opened and the volume andvelocity of the steam-j et issuing from the jet-pipe S slightly 9oincreased. Until the out-current to the boiler is established theback-pressure of the water from the boiler, when passing through theupwardly and inwardly tapering tube C to reach the vents, and valve V,forces the said tube C upwardly until its upper end, a', is nearly') vin contact with the diaphragm-plate D. Vhen the combining-tube has beenthus raised, the steam-j et, entering the injector through the pipe S,becomes active and establishes a current from the injector to theboiler. The space between the upper end of the combin- IOO W'hen thevacuum 85 2 espaces ing-tube and the opening() in the diaphragmplate Dis increased as the pressure of the motor-jet issuing from the pipe S isnearer to the pressure of the boiler, which the motor-j et has toovercome, and the distance decreases as the difference between themotor-pressure at S and the boiler-pressure increases, and the tube Cadjusts itseli: automatically to the varying differences of pressurebetween that of the motor-j et and the boiler. The diaphragmplate D,constructed with the opening O, has the effect to concentrate the actionof the jet impetus by confining the water between the jet and the edgeof the opening, and thus give it greater velocity. If from any cause,such as a blow or sudden jar, the feed-current from the injector to theboiler be broken up and the return-pressure from the boiler becomesactive within the injector, such pressure nds a passage-way through therelief-vents c and valve V, and gives notice ofthe fact. Not only thisoccurs, but this relief allows the tube C to readj ust, so as to againstart the feed-current. The diaphragm-plate D makes a partial-divisionlaterally of the injector, as between the entering/steam-motor jet andthe receiving` end '(t'he combining-tube, which greatly facilitates theraising and forcing power of the injector, for the initial action of theentering motor-jet above the diaphragmplate serves to lift, and the jetthereof confined to pass through the opening O gives an additionalvelocity to the water carried with its impetus to produce thefeed-current, so that both the raising and forcing operations of theinjector are made positive in their action.

I am well aware that in the older Sellers injector the steam-cone orjet-pipe and the combining-cone were arranged within a receiving-cone,and the exterior of the combiningcone made to form a piston engagementwith the interior of the injector-cylinder, and so as to separate thewater-jacket space from the overilow. In my device the combining-tube ismade to adjust toward or from an opening in a diaphragm-plate locatedbetween said combining-tube and the motor-jet pipe with such adjustment,produced by a piston engagement between the injector-cylinder interiorand the exterior of the combining-tube, no equivalent for thereceiving-cone being used. Vith the diaphragm-plate D and opening Oarranged between the motor steam-j et and the combining-tube it answersa better purpose than a receiving-cone in concentrating the velocity ofthe jet impact, and permits communication to eXist between thewater-intake, the combining-tube, and the overilow, which did not occurin the older Sellers device before named.

I am also aware of the fact that the combining-tube of an injector hasbeen made adjustable to or from the steam-cone or motor-j et pipe bymeans of a rack and pinion; and I am also aware that twointeriorly-arranged rcversing cone-frustums have been used in injectors,with'their smaller ends in contact, and that such a construction,broadly considered, is not new.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby vLetters Patent,

1. In an injector, the combination of a transversely-arrangeddiaphragm-plate constructed between the discharge end of the steam-motorjet-pipe and the receiving end of the combining cone or tube, an openingin said diaphragmplate in line with the opening in the discharge end ofthesteam-motor pipe, and the receiving end opening ofthe combining coneor tube, and a combining-tube below said diaphragm-plate constructed toadjust automatically to the opening in said plate by a piston engagementwith the interior of the injector-inclosing cylinder, in the manner andfor the purposes set forth.

2. In an injector, the combination of the steam-motor jet-pipe S, thediaphragm-plate D, )rovided with and to the opening O, the

combining-tube C, constructed and arranged' to operate as shown anddescribed, and the exterior inclosing-cylinder, A, as and for thepurposes set forth herein.

3. In an injector, the combination of the inclosing-cylinder A, theconnected branch pipes B B', the steam-motor jet-pipe S, thediaphragm-plate D, )rovided with the opening O, the relief-valve V onsaid branch pipe B, and the combining-tube C, constructed with lateralvents leading into the water-jacket and adapted to make a pistonengagement with injector interior, in the manner and for the purposesset forth.

JOHN LOFTUS.

Vv'itnesses:

JAMES C. XVrLsoN, Trino. E. H isLEI-rnns'r.

IOO

